International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Drug Technology

The growing demand of herbal medicine in the world market has heightened the chances of adulteration and misidentification thus undermining safety, efficacy and quality. This study set out to authenticate three herbal raw materials waste components, namely, Gymnema sylvestre, Curcuma longa, and Trigonella foenum-graecum, and identify adulteration by DNA barcoding and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy against pharmacological analysis in Wistar rats to determine biological efficacy. DNA barcoding was precise in determining is genuine species and differentiating them with adulterated samples whereas FTIR fingerprinting identified the presence of chemical adulterants and correlated with changes in therapeutic capability. Pharmacological tests identified that genuine extracts had a significant effect in lowering the level of blood glucose and had better effects than commercial and adulterated extracts, the level of which declined proportionally to the extent of adulteration. The results prove that a combination of molecular, chemical, and pharmacological techniques is a stable and successful strategy of quality control, authentication, and safety testing of herbal raw materials, and purity may play a key role in the therapeutic efficacy.

Metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disorder that involves hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, obese patients, and high cardiovascular risk with the need to be treated on a long-lasting basis to provide long-term clinical outcomes. Herbal medicines provide safe multi-targeted therapeutic potential; however, due to their immediate release dosage form the bioavailability is rather inconsistent and less patient compliance is expected. The proposed study endeavored to design and streamline sustained-release (SR) polyherbal tablets utilizing standardized extracts of Gymnema sylvestre, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Curcuma longa towards enhanced management of metabolic syndrome. The 6 formulations (F1-F6) were developed with different concentrations of the polymer and tested in terms of pre-compression, post-compression qualities, in vitro drug release, stability, and in vivo efficacy in STZ induced diabetic rats. F6 was found to have the best physicochemical properties, extended drug release (81% at 12 hours), and stability in accelerated conditions. Fastening in vivo experiments indicated that F6 reduced the level of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and increased the level of HDL that had the same therapeutic effects as metformin (p

An uptick in research into green synthesis methods, especially those that make use of plant extracts, can be attributed to the rising need for sustainable and environmentally friendly nanomaterials. Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was assessed in this study, which also looked at the green manufacture of metallic nanoparticles using Ocimum sanctum herbal extract. Analyses using UV-Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and XRD verified the successful production of nanoparticles. S. aureus was more susceptible than E. coli in antibacterial experiments, which showed a noticeable rise in inhibitory zones that was dose dependent. The produced nanoparticles' powerful antibacterial effectiveness was confirmed by statistical analysis employing one-way ANOVA, which showed significant differences (p