Nanomedicine

The integration of nanotechnology with herbal medicine has revolutionized drug delivery by addressing major problems with traditional herbal preparations' irregular therapeutic effectiveness, rapid metabolism, and poor bioavailability. Bioactive herbal compounds have been enhanced in solubility, stability, and controlled release due to nanocarriers like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), dendrimers, and nanoemulsions. This provides targeted delivery with reduced systemic toxicity. With these advances, the therapeutic value of herbal-based medicines for chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and microbial infections has significantly enhanced. Besides enhancing herbal medicine absorption and efficacy, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems also meet the increasing demand for natural and biocompatible treatments globally. They are not generally employed in the clinic, however, due to hindrances such as high production costs, scalability issues, complex regulatory environment, and potential long-term toxicity. Creation of biodegradable nanocarriers, extensive in vivo and clinical studies, and artificial intelligence application for optimizing drug formulation and delivery systems must be the primary focus of future work. Development of drug delivery systems that integrate the advantages of nanotechnology and herbal medicine could make the way to more individualized and targeted therapeutics. In order for nano-herbal drug delivery systems to enter into clinical trials and become successful, interdisciplinary collaboration and technological advances will be necessary in order to address existing challenges. This will enhance healthcare outcomes globally and revolutionize modern pharmacotherapy.